The arithmetic and logic unit,the control unit and the main memory use electrical pathways or links referred to  as buses. There are three types of buses namely;
Control bus: This is the pathway for all timing and controlling functions sent by the control unit to other parts of the system.
Address bus: This is the pathway used to locate the storage position in memory where the next instruction data to be processed is to be found.
Data bus: This is the pathway where the actual data transfer takes place.

The figure below shows a summary of the overall organisation of the CPU and how it controls other computer components.