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Lesson Development

Activity 1:Definition

Ø  Cohesion refers to how a group of sentences "hang together."

Ø  Consider the paragraph below:

Some astonishing questions about the nature of the universe have been raised by scientists studying black holes in space. A black hole is created by the collapse of a dead star into a point perhaps no larger than a marble. So much matter compressed into so little volume changes the fabric of space around it in puzzling ways.

Activity 2: Using Transitional Words and Phrases

  • Ø Transitions are words or phrases that specify a relationship between sentences and between paragraphs.
  • Ø They help direct the reader from one idea to another.
  • Ø Below are some common transitional words:

To Specify Sequence

again, also, and, and then, besides, finally, first . . . second . . . third, furthermore, last, moreover, next, still, too

To Specify Time

after a few days, after a while, afterward, as long as, as soon as, at last, at that time, before, earlier, immediately, in the meantime, in the past, lately, later, meanwhile, now, presently, simultaneously, since, so far, soon, then, thereafter, until, when

To Specify Comparison

again, also, in the same way, likewise, once more, similarly

To Specify Contrast

although, but, despite, even though, however, in contrast, in spite of, instead, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the one hand . . . on the other hand, regardless, still, though, yet

To Specify Examples

after all, for example, for instance, indeed, in fact, of course, specifically, such as, the following example, to illustrate

To Specify Cause and Effect

accordingly, as a result, because, consequently, for this reason, hence, if . . . then, since, so, then, therefore, thereupon, thus, to this end

To Specify Place

above, adjacent to, below, beyond, closer to elsewhere, far, farther on, here, near, nearby, opposite to, there, to the left, to the right

To Specify Concession

although it is true that, granted that, I admit that, it may appear that, naturally, of course

To Specify Summary, Repetition, or Conclusion

as a result, as has been noted, as I have said, as mentioned earlier, as we have seen, in any event, in conclusion, in other words, in short, on the whole, therefore, to summarize