HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS (HCs)
Hydrocarbons are a group of organic compounds containing /made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only.
Depending on the type of bond that exist between the individual carbon atoms, hydrocarbon are classified as:
(i) Alkanes (ii) Alkenes (iii) Alkynes
(i)Alkanes
(a)Nomenclature/Naming
These are hydrocarbons with a general formula CnH2n+2 where n is the number of Carbon atoms in a molecule.
The carbon atoms are linked by single bond to each other and to hydrogen atoms.
They include:
|
n |
General/Molecula formula |
Structural formula |
Name |
|
1 |
CH4 |
H H C H H |
Methane |
|
2 |
C2H6 |
H H H C C H H H CH2CH2 |
Ethane |
|
3 |
C3H8 |
H H H H C C C H H H H CH2CH2 CH3 |
Propane |
|
4 |
C4H10 |
H H H H H C C C C H H H H H CH3 (CH2) 2CH3 |
Butane |
write the condensed chemical formula of the remaining alkanes up to ten carbon atoms